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Medinan · Surah 4 of 114

An-Nisaa 4:103

The Women · ayah 103 of 176

فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُمُ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ فَٱذْكُرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ قِيَٰمًۭا وَقُعُودًۭا وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِكُمْ ۚ فَإِذَا ٱطْمَأْنَنتُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ ۚ إِنَّ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَٰبًۭا مَّوْقُوتًۭا

Fa-itha qadaytumu assalatafathkuroo Allaha qiyaman waquAAoodanwaAAala junoobikum fa-itha itma/nantumfaaqeemoo assalata inna assalatakanat AAala almu/mineena kitaban mawqoota

"And when you have completed the prayer, remember Allāh standing, sitting, or [lying] on your sides. But when you become secure, re-establish [regular] prayer. Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers a decree of specified times."

Saheeh International translation

Recitation by Mishary Alafasy
Free, no login. Tap play.

Other English translations

Abdel Haleem (Oxford)+

"After performing the ritual prayer, continue to remember God- standing, sitting, and lying on your sides- and once you are safe, keep up regular prayer, for prayer is obligatory for the believers at prescribed times."

Pickthall (classic)+

"When ye have performed the act of worship, remember Allah, standing, sitting and reclining. And when ye are in safety, observe proper worship. Worship at fixed times hath been enjoined on the believers."

Yusuf Ali (classic)+

"When ye pass (Congregational) prayers, celebrate Allah's praises, standing, sitting down, or lying down on your sides; but when ye are free from danger, set up Regular Prayers: For such prayers are enjoined on believers at stated times."

Tafsīr · classical commentary

Ibn Kathir

Abridged English, public domain

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The Order for Ample Remembrance After the Fear Prayer

Allah commands Dhikr after finishing the Fear prayer, in particular, even though such Dhikr is encouraged after finishing other types of prayer in general. In the case of Fear prayer, Dhikr is encouraged even more because the pillars of the prayer are diminished since they move about while performing it, etc., unlike other prayers. Allah said about the Sacred Months,

فَلاَ تَظْلِمُواْ فِيهِنَّ أَنفُسَكُمْ

(so wrong not yourselves therein), even though injustice is prohibited all year long. However, injustice is particularly outlawed during the Sacred Months due to their sanctity and honor. So Allah's statement,

فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُمُ الصَّلَوةَ فَاذْكُرُواْ اللَّهَ قِيَـماً وَقُعُوداً وَعَلَى جُنُوبِكُمْ

(When you have finished Salah, remember Allah standing, sitting down, and on your sides,) means, in all conditions,

فَإِذَا اطْمَأْنَنتُمْ فَأَقِيمُواْ الصَّلَوةَ

(But when you are free from danger perform the Salah.) when you are safe, tranquil and fear subsides,

فَأَقِيمُواْ الصَّلَوةَ

(perform the Salah) by performing it as you were commanded; fulfilling its obligations, with humbleness, completing the bowing and prostration positions etc. Allah's statement,

إِنَّ الصَّلَوةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَـباً مَّوْقُوتاً

(Verily, the Salah is Kitaban on the believers at fixed hours.) means, enjoined, as Ibn `Abbas stated. Ibn `Abbas also said, "The prayer has a fixed time, just as the case with Hajj." Similar is reported from Mujahid, Salim bin `Abdullah, `Ali bin Al-Husayn, Muhammad bin `Ali, Al-Hasan, Muqatil. As-Suddi and `Atiyah Al-`Awfi.

The Encouragement to Pursue the Enemy Despite Injuries

Allah's statement,

وَلاَ تَهِنُواْ فِى ابْتِغَآءِ الْقَوْمِ

(And don't be weak in the pursuit of the enemy;) means, do not weaken your resolve in pursuit of your enemy. Rather, pursue them vigorously, fight them and be wary of them.

إِن تَكُونُواْ تَأْلَمُونَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يَأْلَمُونَ كَمَا تَأْلَمونَ

(if you are suffering then surely they are suffering as you are suffering,) meaning, just as you suffer from injuries and death, the same happens to the enemy. In another Ayah, Allah said,

إِن يَمْسَسْكُمْ قَرْحٌ فَقَدْ مَسَّ الْقَوْمَ قَرْحٌ مِّثْلُهُ

(If you suffer a harm, be sure a similar harm has struck the others). Allah then said,

وَتَرْجُونَ مِنَ اللَّهِ مَا لاَ يَرْجُونَ

(but you have a hope from Allah that for which they hope not;) meaning, you and they are equal regarding the injuries and pain that you suffer from. However, you hope for Allah's reward, victory and aid, just as He has promised you in His Book and by the words of his Messenger . Surely, Allah's promise is true. On the other hand, your enemies do not have hope for any of this. So, it is you, not they, who should be eager to fight so that you establish the Word of Allah and raise it high. i

وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيماً حَكِيماً

(And Allah is Ever All-Knowing, All-Wise.) means, He is most knowledgeable and wise in all what He decides, decrees, wills and acts on concerning various worldly and religious ordainments, and He is worthy of praise in all conditions.

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Tafsir Saʿdi

English translation, public domain

+
Когда вы завершите намаз, то поминайте Аллаха в любом положении. Это предписание относится не только к намазам во время опасности, но и ко всем остальным намазам, однако упоминание о нем в данном контексте имеет глубокий смысл. Во-первых, праведность, преуспеяние и счастье человека зависят от того, возлюбил ли он Аллаха и заполнилась ли его душа словами Его поминания и восхваления. Лучшим способом достичь этой цели является намаз, который, по сути своей, связывает раба с его Господом. Во-вторых, поминание Аллаха позволяет человеку обрести истинную веру и достичь полной убежденности, и поэтому Он приказал Своим рабам поминать Его днем и ночью. Хорошо известно, что человек не может добиться такого славного результата во время намаза, если его жизни угрожает опасность, поскольку страх овладевает его душой и телом. И для того, чтобы восполнить это упущение, Аллах приказал поминать Его после окончания такого намаза. В-третьих, страх вселяет в сердце человека беспокойство, что может стать причиной его слабости. Если же сердце и душа человека ослабевают, то его тело перестает оказывать достойное сопротивление противнику. Однако частое поминание Аллаха является одним из важнейших факторов, способствующих укреплению сердца. В-четвертых, поминание Всевышнего Аллаха и должное терпение - это залог успеха и победы над противником. Всевышний сказал: «О те, которые уверовали! Когда вы сталкиваетесь с отрядом, то будьте стойки и многократно поминайте Аллаха, - быть может, вы преуспеете» (8:45). По этим и многим другим причинам Аллах приказал часто поминать Его после окончания намаза во время опасности. Когда же мусульмане окажутся в безопасности, когда их сердца и тела обретут покой, им следует совершать намаз самым совершенным образом, душой и телом смиренно выполняя столпы, условия и все остальные предписания намаза. Правоверным предписано совершать намаз в установленное время. Это значит, что намаз является обязательным предписанием, и что для каждого намаза установлено определенное время. Речь идет о временах намазов, которые хорошо известны мусульманам, будь то дети или взрослые, образованные люди или невежды. Они обучились им от своего Пророка, да благословит его Аллах и приветствует, который сказал: «Вы видели, как я совершаю намаз, и совершайте его так же». Из упоминания о том, что намаз предписан верующим, следует, что он является мерилом веры, причем, чем сильнее вера раба, тем лучше и исправнее он молится. Из этого также следует, что неверующие, даже если они придерживаются законов ислама, например, если они проживают в мусульманском государстве на договорных условиях, не обязаны выполнять второстепенные предписания религии, такие как намаз. Более того, любые совершаемые ими обряды недействительны, пока они остаются неверующими. Но, несмотря на это, в Последней жизни они будут наказаны за то, что не совершали намаз и не выполняли остальные предписания религии.

Maʿārif al-Qur'ān

Mufti Shafi Usmani, English

+

The concessions given in travel

(In Islamic legal terminology, Safar means journey or travel; Qasr refers to the making of one's Salah short while in that status. Thus, four obligatory Raka’ at of Zuhr, 'Asr and 'Isha are reduced in number and confined to two Raka'at only.)

Rulings:

1. Full Sarah is made in a journey which is less than 48 miles.

2. If, after reaching the destination at the end of the journey, one intends to stay there for less than fifteen days, rules relating to 'journey' will continue to apply to him, that is, the obligatory four Raka'at of Salah will be reduced to half. This is Qasr. Now, if one intends to stay at one place for fifteen days, or more, it will become his place or country of residence. Here too, Qasr will not be observed as it was not observed in his original home country, that is, full Sarah will be performed.

3. Qasr is done in the Fard (obligatory) Salah of Zuhr, 'Asr and 'Isha' only. There is no Qasr in Maghrib and Fajr, nor in Sunnah and Witr prayers.

5. If, there be no fear of possible danger during a journey, Qasr will still be observed in making Sarah.

6. Some people are troubled by apprehensions of sin when making their Sarah short (Qasr) in place of the regular full Sarah. This is not correct because Qasr is also a rule of the Shari'ah following which brings no -sin. On the contrary, it brings reward.

7. Verse 102 mentions a special way of offering Sarah in a state where, due to the fear of enemy, all the Muslims cannot pray in a single congregation. This special way is called 'Salatul-Khawf, the details of which are found in the books of Islamic Fiqh. Verse 102 says: وَإِذَا كُنتَ فِيهِمْ فَأَقَمْتَ لَهُمُ الصَّلَاةَ ; (And when you { O prophet} are among them and arrange for them the Salah). Let this not be construed to mean that the injunction of the Salah of Fear (Salatul-Khawf) is no more imperative because the blessed person of the noble Prophet ﷺ is no more present among us. The reason is that this restriction has been mentioned here in terms of the situation at that particular time, for there can be no sans-excuse Imam of Salah in the presence of the Prophet ﷺ . After him, whoever is the Imam shall be deemed to be standing in his place and he will be the one to lead the Salatul-Khawf. All leading religious authorities agree that the injunction of Salatul-Khawf is operative even after him and has not been abrogated.

8. Just as making Salatul-Khawf is permissible when in fear of hostility from human beings, so it is when one is gripped with the fear of hurt from some beast like a lion or python and there is very little time left to make the Salah.

In this verse (102), mention has been made of both groups making one Raka'ah each, but the method of performing the second Raka'ah has appeared in Hadith which says: 'When the Holy Prophet ﷺ turned for Salim after the completion of his two Raka’ at, the two groups went on to complete their one Raka'ah each on their own'. More details can be seen there.

Tafsīr sourced from quran.com's open API. These are classical commentaries; for personal rulings consult a qualified scholar.

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