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Meccan · Surah 30 of 114

Ar-Room 30:33

The Romans · ayah 33 of 60

وَإِذَا مَسَّ ٱلنَّاسَ ضُرٌّۭ دَعَوْا۟ رَبَّهُم مُّنِيبِينَ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ إِذَآ أَذَاقَهُم مِّنْهُ رَحْمَةً إِذَا فَرِيقٌۭ مِّنْهُم بِرَبِّهِمْ يُشْرِكُونَ

Wa-itha massa annasa durrundaAAaw rabbahum muneebeena ilayhi thumma itha athaqahumminhu rahmatan itha fareequn minhum birabbihimyushrikoon

"And when adversity touches the people, they call upon their Lord, turning in repentance to Him. Then when He lets them taste mercy from Him, at once a party of them associate others with their Lord,"

Saheeh International translation

Recitation by Mishary Alafasy
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Other English translations

Abdel Haleem (Oxford)+

"When something bad happens to people, they cry to their Lord and turn to Him for help, but no sooner does He let them taste His blessing than- lo and behold!- some of them ascribe partners to their Lord,"

Pickthall (classic)+

"And when harm toucheth men they cry unto their Lord, turning to Him in repentance; then, when they have tasted of His mercy, behold! some of them attribute partners to their Lord"

Yusuf Ali (classic)+

"When trouble touches men, they cry to their Lord, turning back to Him in repentance: but when He gives them a taste of Mercy as from Himself, behold, some of them pay part-worship to other god's besides their Lord,-"

Tafsīr · classical commentary

Ibn Kathir

Abridged English, public domain

+

How man sways between Tawhid and Shirk, and between Joy and Despair, according to His Circumstances

Allah tells us that when man is in dire straits, he calls upon Allah alone with no partner or associate, then when times of ease come and they have the choice, some people associate others with Allah and worship others alongside Him.

لِيَكْفُرُواْ بِمَآ ءاتَيْنَـهُمْ

(So as to be ungrateful for the graces which We have bestowed on them.) Then Allah warns them by saying:

فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ

(but you will come to know.) One of them said: By Allah, if a law enforcment officer were to say this to me, I would be afraid, so how about when the One Who is issuing the warning is the One Who merely says to a thing "Be!" and it is Then Allah denounces the idolators for fabricating lies and worshipping others instead of Him with no evidence or proof:

أَمْ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطَـناً

(Or have We revealed to them an authority,) means, proof.

فَهُوَ يَتَكَلَّمُ

(which speaks) means, tells

بِمَا كَانُواْ بِهِ يُشْرِكُونَ

(of that which they have been associating with Him) This is a rhetorical question intended to denounce them, for they have no such thing.

وَإِذَآ أَذَقْنَا النَّاسَ رَحْمَةً فَرِحُواْ بِهَا وَإِن تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ إِذَا هُمْ يَقْنَطُونَ

(And when We cause mankind to taste of mercy, they rejoice therein; but when some evil afflicts them because of what their hands have sent forth, behold, they are in despair!) This is a denunciation of man for the way he is, except for those whom Allah protects and helps, for when man is given blessings, he is proud, and says:

ذَهَبَ السَّيِّئَاتُ عَنِّي إِنَّهُ لَفَرِحٌ فَخُورٌ

("Ills have departed from me." Surely, he is exultant, and boastful.) (11:10) He rejoices over himself and boasts to others, but when difficulties befall him, He despairs of ever having anything good again. Allah says:

إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ صَبَرُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَاتِ

(Except those who show patience and do righteous good deeds). They are patient during times of difficulty and do good deeds at times of ease. It was reported in the Sahih:

«عَجَبًا لِلْمُؤْمِنِ لَا يَقْضِي اللهُ لَهُ قَضَاءً إِلَّا كَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ، إِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ سَرَّاءُ شَكَرَ فَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ، وَإِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ ضَرَّاءُ صَبَرَ فَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَه»

(How wonderful is the affair of the believer. Allah does not decree anything for him but it is good for him. If good things happen to him, he gives thanks, and that is good for him; and if bad things happen to him, he bears that with patience, and that is good for him.)

أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْاْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَقْدِرُ

(Do they not see that Allah expands the provision for whom He wills and straitens (it for whom He wills).) He is the One Who is controlling and doing that, by His wisdom and justice, so He expands the provision for some people and restricts it for some.

إِنَّ فِى ذلِكَ لآيَـتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ

(Verily, in that are indeed signs for a people who believe.)

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Tafsir Saʿdi

English translation, public domain

+
Есть только одна истинная религия, и это - поклонение одному Аллаху. Однако многобожники расчленили религию, в результате чего одни из них стали поклоняться идолам и истуканам. Другие стали обожествлять солнце и луну. Третьи принялись поклоняться святым и праведникам. Одни из них приняли иудаизм, а другие обратились в христианство. Многобожники разделились на многочисленные толки, приверженцы которых фанатично отстаивают свои ошибочные воззрения и борются против всех остальных. Они премного довольны своими знаниями, несмотря на то, что эти знания противоречат учениям Божьих посланников. Они считают, что исповедуют истину, в то время как все остальные исповедуют ложь и заблуждение. И это обстоятельство должно предостеречь мусульман от разделения на различные толки. Мусульмане не должны слепо и фанатично отстаивать воззрения своих религиозных толков, ибо в противном случае они станут уподобляться многобожникам. Воистину, в этом нет необходимости, ибо они исповедуют одну религию, верят в одного Пророка и поклоняются одному Богу. Мусульманские богословы единодушны в ответах на большинство религиозных вопросов. А наряду с этим Аллах скрепил сердца мусульман братством, основанным на правой вере. Почему же тогда некоторые люди произносят безрассудные речи и сеют между мусульманами раздор по причине мелких разногласий и отдельных противоречий? Почему они обвиняют друг друга в заблуждении и обособляются друг от друга? Воистину, это является одним из величайших наущений сатаны, который всеми силами стремится заманить мусульман в свои сети. В то же время стремление сплотить мусульман и устранить существующие между ними разногласия, построенные на лживом и порочном фундаменте, является проявлением величайшей борьбы на пути Аллаха и лучшим из деяний, которые могут приблизить человека к Аллаху. После того как Всевышний Аллах призвал людей добровольно обращаться к Нему как при тяготах, так и при благоденствии, Он упомянул о вынужденном обращении к Аллаху тех людей, которые вспоминают своего Господа только в периоды тягот и лишений. Когда они избавляются от несчастий, то отказываются повиноваться своему Господу, и поэтому их обращение к Нему во время трудностей не принесет им никакой пользы. Всевышний сказал:

Maʿārif al-Qur'ān

Mufti Shafi Usmani, English

+

مِنَ الَّذِينَ فَرَّ‌قُوا دِينَهُمْ وَكَانُوا شِيَعًا (Among those who split up religion and became sects - 30:32) that is, these disbelievers are those who have created a difference between Natural Faith and the true religion, or they have alienated themselves from the Natural Faith, as a result of which they are divided into different sects. شِيَعًا :Shiya'an is the plural of شِیعۃ shi` ah. A group of people following a leader is called shi ah. The fact is that the Natural Faith was based on the Oneness of Allah, by following which the entire human kind should have been one solid unit and one party. But it so happened that people split out from this unity and started following the personal views of their own leaders. Since the personal views and opinions of different people may always vary from person to person, different groups of people invented their own beliefs and religion. As a consequence, people were divided into various groups and sects, and the Shaitan made them believe that they were the only people on the right path كُلُّ حِزْبٍ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ فَرِ‌حُونَ (Each group is happy with what it has before it - 30:32). That is, each group is happy and contended in its own beliefs and declare others being wrong, although they all are astray and treading the wrong path.

Tafsīr sourced from quran.com's open API. These are classical commentaries; for personal rulings consult a qualified scholar.

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