Barakahبركة
All featuresSupportContactCareersSign in
Sign in
  1. Quran
  2. /
  3. Surah Al-Maaida
  4. /
  5. Ayah 4
Medinan · Surah 5 of 114

Al-Maaida 5:4

The Table · ayah 4 of 120

يَسْـَٔلُونَكَ مَاذَآ أُحِلَّ لَهُمْ ۖ قُلْ أُحِلَّ لَكُمُ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتُ ۙ وَمَا عَلَّمْتُم مِّنَ ٱلْجَوَارِحِ مُكَلِّبِينَ تُعَلِّمُونَهُنَّ مِمَّا عَلَّمَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ ۖ فَكُلُوا۟ مِمَّآ أَمْسَكْنَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَٱذْكُرُوا۟ ٱسْمَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ ۖ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَرِيعُ ٱلْحِسَابِ

Yas-aloonaka matha ohilla lahumqul ohilla lakumu attayyibatu wamaAAallamtum mina aljawarihi mukallibeenatuAAallimoonahunna mimma AAallamakumu Allahufakuloo mimma amsakna AAalaykum wathkurooisma Allahi AAalayhi wattaqoo Allaha innaAllaha sareeAAu alhisab

"They ask you, [O Muḥammad], what has been made lawful for them. Say, "Lawful for you are [all] good foods and [game caught by] what you have trained of hunting animals which you train as Allāh has taught you. So eat of what they catch for you, and mention the name of Allāh upon it, and fear Allāh." Indeed, Allāh is swift in account."

Saheeh International translation

Recitation by Mishary Alafasy
Free, no login. Tap play.

Other English translations

Abdel Haleem (Oxford)+

"They ask you, Prophet, what is lawful for them. Say, ‘All good things are lawful for you.’ [This includes] what you have taught your birds and beasts of prey to catch, teaching them as God has taught you, so eat what they catch for you, but first pronounce God’s name over it. Be mindful of God: He is swift to take account."

Pickthall (classic)+

"They ask thee (O Muhammad) what is made lawful for them. Say: (all) good things are made lawful for you. And those beasts and birds of prey which ye have trained as hounds are trained, ye teach them that which Allah taught you; so eat of that which they catch for you and mention Allah's name upon it, and observe your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is swift to take account."

Yusuf Ali (classic)+

"They ask thee what is lawful to them (as food). Say: lawful unto you are (all) things good and pure: and what ye have taught your trained hunting animals (to catch) in the manner directed to you by Allah: eat what they catch for you, but pronounce the name of Allah over it: and fear Allah; for Allah is swift in taking account."

Tafsīr · classical commentary

Ibn Kathir

Abridged English, public domain

+

Clarifying the Lawful

In the previous Ayah Allah mentioned the prohibited types of food, the impure and unclean things, harmful for those who eat them, either to their bodies, religion or both, except out of necessity,

وَقَدْ فَصَّلَ لَكُم مَّا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِلاَّ مَا اضْطُرِرْتُمْ إِلَيْهِ

(while He has explained to you in detail what is forbidden to you, except under compulsion of necessity) After that, Allah said,

يَسْأَلُونَكَ مَاذَآ أُحِلَّ لَهُمْ قُلْ أُحِلَّ لَكُمُ الطَّيِّبَـتُ

(They ask you what is lawful for them. Say, "Lawful unto you are At-Tayyibat...") In Surat Al-A`raf Allah describes Muhammad allowing the good things and prohibiting the filthy things. Muqatil said, "At-Tayyibat includes everything Muslims are allowed and the various types of legally earned provision." Az-Zuhri was once asked about drinking urine for medicinal purposes and he said that it is not a type of Tayyibat." Ibn Abi Hatim also narrated this statement. Using Jawarih to Hunt Game is Permissible Allah said,

وَمَا عَلَّمْتُمْ مِّنَ الْجَوَارِحِ مُكَلِّبِينَ

(And those Jawarih (beasts and birds of prey) which you have trained as hounds...) That is, lawful for you are the animals slaughtered in Allah's Name, and the good things for sustenance. The game you catch with the Jawarih are also lawful for you. This refers to trained dogs and falcons, as is the opinion of the majority of the Companions, their followers, and the Imams. `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said that,

وَمَا عَلَّمْتُمْ مِّنَ الْجَوَارِحِ مُكَلِّبِينَ

(And those Jawarih (beasts and birds of prey) which you have trained as hounds...) refers to trained hunting dogs, falcons and all types of birds and beasts that are trained to hunt, including dogs, wild cats, falcons, and so forth. Ibn Abi Hatim collected this and said, "Similar was reported from Khaythamah, Tawus, Mujahid, Makhul and Yahya bin Abi Kathir." Ibn Jarir recorded that Ibn `Umar said, "You are permitted the animal that the trained birds, such as falcons, hunt for you if you catch it (before it eats from it). Otherwise, do not eat from it." I say, the majority of scholars say that hunting with trained birds is just like hunting with trained dogs, because bird's of prey catch the game with their claws, just like dogs. Therefore, there is no difference between the two. Ibn Jarir recorded that `Adi bin Hatim said that he asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about the game that the falcon hunts and the Messenger ﷺ said,

«مَا أَمْسَكَ عَلَيْكَ فَكُل»

(Whatever it catches for you, eat from it.) These carnivores that are trained to catch game are called Jawarih in Arabic, a word that is derived from Jarh, meaning, what one earns. The Arabs would say, "So-and-so has Jaraha something good for his family," meaning, he has earned them something good. The Arabs would say, "So-and-so does not have a Jarih for him," meaning, a caretaker. Allah also said,

وَيَعْلَمُ مَا جَرَحْتُم بِالنَّهَارِ

(And He knows what you have done during the day...) meaning, the good or evil you have earned or committed. Allah's statement,

مُكَلِّبِينَ

(trained as hounds,) those Jawarih that have been trained to hunt as hounds with their claws or talons. Therefore, if the game is killed by the weight of its blow, not with its claws, then we are not allowed to eat from the game. Allah said,

تُعَلِّمُونَهُنَّ مِمَّا عَلَّمَكُمُ اللَّهُ

(training them in the manner as directed to you by Allah, ) as when the beast is sent, it goes after the game, and when it catches it, it keeps it until its owner arrives and does not catch it to eat it itself. This is why Allah said here,

فَكُلُواْ مِمَّآ أَمْسَكْنَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَاذْكُرُواْ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ

(so eat of what they catch for you, but pronounce the Name of Allah over it,) When the beast is trained, and it catches the game for its owner who mentioned Allah's Name when he sent the beast after the game, then this game is allowed according to the consensus of scholars, even if it was killed. There are Hadiths in the Sunnah that support this statement. The Two Sahihs recorded that `Adi bin Hatim said, "I said, `O Allah's Messenger! I send hunting dogs and mention Allah's Name.' He replied,

«إِذَا أَرْسَلْتَ كَلْبَكَ الْمُعَلَّمَ وَذَكَرْتَ اسْمَ اللهِ فَكُلْ مَا أَمْسَكَ عَلَيْك»

(If, with mentioning Allah's Name, you let loose your tamed dog after a game and it catches it, you may eat what it catches.) I said, `Even if it kills the game' He replied,

«وَإِنْ قَتَلْنَ، مَا لَمْ يَشْرَكْهَا كَلْبٌ لَيْسَ مِنْهَا، فَإِنَّكَ إِنَّمَا سَمَّيْتَ عَلى كَلْبِكَ وَلَمْ تُسَمِّ عَلى غَيْرِه»

(Even if it kills the game, unless another dog joins the hunt, for you mentioned Allah's Name when sending your dog, but not the other dog.) I said, `I also use the Mi`rad and catch game with it.' He replied,

«إِذَا رَمَيْتَ بِالْمِعْرَاضِ فَخَزقَ فَكُلْهُ، وَإِنْ أَصَابَهُ بِعَرْضٍ فَإِنَّهُ وَقِيذٌ فَلَا تَأْكُلْه»

(If the game is hit by its sharp edge, eat it, but if it is hit by its broad side, do not eat it, for it has been beaten to death.) In another narration, the Prophet said,

«وَإِذَا أَرْسَلْتَ كَلْبَكَ فَاذْكُرِ اسْمَ اللهِ، فَإِنْ أَمْسَكَ عَلَيْكَ، فَأَدْرَكْتَهُ حَيًّا فَاذْبَحُهُ، وَإِنْ أَدْرَكْتَهُ قَدْ قَتَلَ وَلَمْ يَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ فَكُلْهُ، فَإِنَّ أَخْذَ الْكَلْبِ ذَكَاتُه»

(If you send your hunting dog, then mention Allah's Name and whatever it catches for you and you find alive, slaughter it. If you catch the game dead and the dog did not eat from it, then eat from it, for the dog has caused its slaughter to be fulfilled.) In yet another narration of two Sahihs, the Prophet said,

«فَإِنْ أَكَلَ فَلَا تَأْكُلْ، فَإِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَمْسَكَ عَلى نَفْسِه»

(If the dog eats from the game, do not eat from it for I fear that it has caught it as prey for itself.)

Mention Allah's Name Upon Sending the Predators to Catch the Game

Allah said,

فَكُلُواْ مِمَّآ أَمْسَكْنَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَاذْكُرُواْ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ

(so eat of what they catch for you, but pronounce the Name of Allah over it,) meaning, upon sending it. The Prophet said to `Adi bin Hatim,

«إِذَا أَرَسَلْتَ كَلْبَكَ الْمُعَلَّمَ، وَذَكَرْتَ اسْمَ اللهِ، فَكُلْ مَا أَمْسَكَ عَلَيْك»

(When you send your trained dog and mention Allah's Name, eat from what it catches for you.) It is recorded in the Two Sahihs that Abu Tha`labah related that the Prophet said,

«إِذَا أَرْسَلْتَ كَلْبَكَ فَاذْكُرِ اسْمَ اللهِ، وَإِذَا رَمَيْتَ بِسَهْمِكَ فَاذْكُرِ اسْمَ الله»

(If you send your hunting dog, mention Allah's Name over it. If you shoot an arrow, mention Allah's Name over it.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas commented,

وَاذْكُرُواْ اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ

(but pronounce the Name of Allah over it,) "When you send a beast of prey, say, `In the Name of Allah!' If you forget, then there is no harm." It was also reported that this Ayah commands mentioning Allah's Name upon eating. It is recorded in the Two Sahihs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ taught his stepson `Umar bin Abu Salamah saying,

«سَمِّ اللهَ وَكُلْ بِيَمِينِكَ وَكُلْ مِمَّا يَلِيك»

(Mention Allah's Name, eat with your right hand and eat from the part of the plate that is in front of you.) Al-Bukhari recorded that `A'ishah said, "They asked, `O Allah's Messenger! Some people, - recently converted from disbelief - bring us some meats that we do not know if Allah's Name was mentioned over or not.' He replied,

«سَمُّوا اللهَ أَنْتُمْ وَكُلُوا»

(Mention Allah's Name on it and eat from it.)"

Previous
5:3
Next
5:5
Read full Surah Al-MaaidaAll 114 surahs
Barakahبركة

Islam, in one quiet place. Built by a revert, for the ummah. No ads, no tracking.

Download on theApp Store
Pray
  • Prayer times
  • How to pray
  • Qibla
  • Hijri calendar
Learn
  • Ask (AI)
  • New Muslim path
  • Duas & adhkar
  • Daily verse
  • Daily hadith
  • 99 Names

Tafsir Saʿdi

English translation, public domain

+
Всевышний напомнил Своему посланнику, что люди спрашивали его о продуктах, которые им разрешается употреблять в пищу, и приказал ему сказать, что им позволено есть благую пищу. Это - любые продукты, которые приносят пользу или доставляют удовольствие, не вредя человеческому организму и разуму. К ним относятся всевозможные зерновые и плоды, растущие в местах обитания людей или незаселенной местности. К ним также относятся животные, обитающие на суше, кроме хищников и нечистых животных, которых Законотворец запретил употреблять в пищу. Запрет на употребление нечистых продуктов вытекает из смысла этого аята и ясно упоминается в словах Всевышнего: «Он повелит им совершать одобряемое и запретит им совершать предосудительное, объявит дозволенным благое и запрещенным скверное, освободит их от бремени и оков» (7:157). Затем Аллах разрешил употреблять в пищу животных, пойманных охотничьими собаками или птицами, которых люди обучают части того, чему их научил Аллах. Но предварительно они должны упомянуть имя Аллаха над пойманной добычей. Из этого можно сделать несколько полезных выводов. Во-первых, Аллах проявил милость и сострадание к Своим рабам, когда широко распахнул перед ними врата дозволенного и позволил употреблять в пищу даже животных, которые не были зарезаны в соответствии с шариатом, если они были пойманы охотничьими животными. Таковыми считаются собаки, леопарды, соколы, ястребы и другие хищники, охотящиеся посредством клыков или клюва. Во-вторых, охотничьи животные обязательно должны быть обученными. Это значит, что они должны пройти подготовку, которую обычно проходят охотничьи животные. Они должны нападать на добычу, когда их посылают за ней, и отходить в сторону, когда их отгоняют от нее, и не пожирать жертву после того, как она была поймана. Вот почему Аллах позволил есть только ту добычу, которую охотничьи животные поймали для людей. Если же животное начало есть пойманное животное, то мы не можем быть уверены в том, что оно поймало его для хозяина, и вполне вероятно, что оно охотилось за ним для себя. В-третьих, охотничья собака или птица обязательно должны нанести жертве рану, поскольку слово джарих ‘хищник’ происходит от глагола джараха ‘ранить’. Ранее мы уже отмечали, что есть задушенных животных запрещено, и если собака или другой хищник задушили жертву или убили ее, придавив телом, то ее нельзя употреблять в пищу. Это мнение опирается на то, что хищниками в арабском языке называются животные, наносящие жертве раны своими клыками или клювом. Однако наиболее распространенным является другое мнение, согласно которому хищниками называют животных, которые настигают жертву и овладевают ею. Это толкование не свидетельствует в пользу сделанного нами вывода. А лучше всего об этом известно Аллаху. В-четвертых, шариат позволяет заводить охотничью собаку, что подтверждается достоверным хадисом, хотя владение обычными собаками запрещено. Это объясняется тем, что позволение охотиться с собаками и обучать их подразумевает позволение заводить их. В-пятых, часть добычи, которой коснулась пасть охотничьей собаки, считается чистой, потому что Аллах позволил употреблять ее в пищу и не приказывал мыть ее после прикосновения собаки. Это значит, что добыча после этого остается чистой. В-шестых, обсуждаемый нами аят подчеркивает превосходство знаний, поскольку разрешается употреблять в пищу жертву, пойманную обученным хищником, тогда как жертва, пойманная необученным хищником, считается запрещенной. В-седьмых, обучение охотничьих собак, птиц и других животных не порицается и не относится к бесполезной трате времени. Напротив, это занятие похвально, поскольку благодаря этому люди могут употреблять в пищу пойманных на охоте животных или использовать их в других целях. В-восьмых, обсуждаемый нами аят является доводом в пользу того, что разрешается продавать охотничьих собак, поскольку иногда этот путь является единственным способом приобретения охотничьей собаки. В-девятых, посылая охотничью собаку или птицу за жертвой, охотник обязан произнести имя Аллаха. Если же он сознательно не сделает этого, то пойманную хищником жертву нельзя употреблять в пищу. В-десятых, пойманную хищником жертву разрешается употреблять в пищу независимо от того, умерла она в результате нападения хищника или нет. Но если охотник подоспеет к жертве до того, как та расстанется с жизнью, то ее мясо становится дозволенным только после заклания в соответствии с требованиями шариата. После упоминания об этом Аллах приказал Своим рабам исповедовать богобоязненность и предупредил их о том, что всем им придется держать ответ в День воскресения. Аллах напомнил о том, что этот день уже близок и наступит очень скоро.

Maʿārif al-Qur'ān

Mufti Shafi Usmani, English

+

Lawful and unlawful animals were mentioned in preceding verses. An answer to a question on the same subject appears in the present verse. Some Companions had asked the Holy Prophet ﷺ about the rule governing hunting with the help of a trained dog and falcon. Given in this verse is an answer to that question.

Commentary

To make an animal lawful when hunted through a dog or falcon, four conditions have been mentioned in the question and its answer appearing above. These are:

1. The dog or falcon should be taught, trained and disciplined. The functional principle given here is that the dog should have been groomed in a manner that it should, when released at the prey, catch it and bring it back to you - not that it starts eating it. As for a falcon, the rule set was that it should immediately return when called by you, even if it was chasing the prey. When so trained, it will prove that these beasts of prey hunt for you and not for themselves. Now the animal hunted by these beasts of prey will be considered your own. And if they act against this training once in a while, for example, the dog itself starts eating the prey, or the falcon does not return at your call, then, this game is not yours anymore, therefore, eating it is not permissible.

2. The second condition is that you should release the dog or falcon immediately at your choice and will, not that they dash after some game and hunt it on their own. In the verse under discussion, this condition has been made to come out clearly by the use of the word, "Mukallibin." Lexically, this word is a derivation from 'Taklib' which basically means the training of dogs. Later, it also came to be used in the sense of training beasts of prey and releasing them after the game. The author of the famous Tafsir Jalalayn explains it in the sense of 'Irsal' (send after) which means releasing after the game. This view has been reported in Tafsir al-Qurtubi as well.

3. The third condition is that the beasts of prey do not themselves start eating the game - instead, they should bring it to you. This condition has been explained through مِمَّا أَمْسَكْنَ عَلَيْكُمْ : (what they hold for you).

4. The fourth condition is: When you release the dog or the falcon after the game, do it after saying 'Bismillah' (With the name of Allah).

When these conditions stand fulfilled, the game - if dead before it reaches you - will still be lawful with no need to slaughter. If other-wise, it will not be lawful for you unless slaughtered.

With Imam Abu Hanifah (رح) ، there is a fifth condition as well: That this beast of prey should have also wounded the game. A hint towards this condition is embedded in the word, الْجَوَارِ‌حِ "Al-Jawarih" (birds and beasts of prey) which also means animals which wound or injure.

Ruling: This injunction covers wild animals out of one's possession and control. In case a wild animal has been captured, it will not become lawful without having been properly slaughtered.

Finally, at the end of the verse, there comes the instruction that hunting through a beast of prey has no doubt been made lawful by Al-mighty Allah, but, it is not permissible to ignore Salah and other necessary religious obligations for the sake of having fun chasing game.

Tafsīr sourced from quran.com's open API. These are classical commentaries; for personal rulings consult a qualified scholar.

Tools
  • Halal scanner
  • Halal logos
  • Zakat calculator
  • Tasbih
Barakah
  • All features
  • About
  • Contact
  • Careers
  • Support + Premium
  • Dashboard
  • Settings
Legal
  • Privacy
  • Terms
© 2026 Barakah Life. Built with niyyah for the ummah.·PrivacyTermsAboutBlogContact
A starting point, not a substitute for a qualified scholar.