Ar-Ra'd 13:6

"They impatiently urge you to bring about evil before good, while there has already occurred before them similar punishments [to what they demand]. And indeed, your Lord is the possessor of forgiveness for the people despite their wrongdoing, and indeed, your Lord is severe in penalty."

The Disbelievers ask for the Punishment to be delivered now!

Allah said,

وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ

(They ask you to hasten), in reference to the disbelievers,

بِالسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَنَةِ

(the evil before the good,) meaning, the punishment. Allah said in other Ayat that they said,

وَقَالُواْ يأَيُّهَا الَّذِى نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ الذِّكْرُ إِنَّكَ لَمَجْنُونٌ - لَّوْ

مَا تَأْتِينَا بِالْمَلَـئِكَةِ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ الصَّـدِقِينَ - مَا نُنَزِّلُ الْمَلَـئِكَةَ إِلاَّ بِالحَقِّ وَمَا كَانُواْ إِذًا مُّنظَرِينَ

(And they say: "O you to whom the Dhikr (the Qur'an) has been sent down! Verily, you are a mad man! Why do you not bring angels to us if you are of the truthful" We send not the angels down except with the truth (i.e. for torment), and in that case, they (the disbelieves) would have no respite!)15:6-8, and two Ayat;

وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالْعَذَابِ

(And they ask you to hasten on the torment!)29:53-54 Allah also said,

سَأَلَ سَآئِلٌ بِعَذَابٍ وَاقِعٍ

(A questioner asked concerning a torment about to befall.) 70:1,

يَسْتَعْجِلُ بِهَا الَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهَا وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مُشْفِقُونَ مِنْهَا وَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهَا الْحَقُّ

(Those who believe not therein seek to hasten it, while those who believe are fearful of it, and know that it is the very truth.)42:18, and,

وَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا عَجِّل لَّنَا قِطَّنَا

(They say: "Our Lord! Hasten to us Qittana.)38:16, meaning, our due torment and reckoning. Allah said that they also supplicated,

وَإِذْ قَالُواْ اللَّهُمَّ إِن كَانَ هَـذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِندِكَ

(And (remember) when they said: "O Allah! If this (the Qur'an) is indeed the truth from You.)8:32 They were such rebellious, stubborn disbelievers that they asked the Messenger to bring them Allah's torment. Allah replied,

وَقَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِمُ الْمَثُلَـتُ

(while exemplary punishments have indeed occurred before them.) Meaning, `We have exerted Our punishment on the previous disbelieving nations, and made them a lesson and example for those who might take heed from their destruction.' If it was not for His forbearance and forgiveness, Allah would have indeed punished them sooner. Allah said in another Ayah,

وَلَوْ يُؤَاخِذُ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ بِمَا كَسَبُواْ مَا تَرَكَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ

(And if Allah were to punish men for that which they earned, He would not leave a moving creature on the surface of the earth.)35:45 Allah said in this honorable Ayah,

وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍ لِّلنَّاسِ عَلَى ظُلْمِهِمْ

(But verily, your Lord is full of forgiveness for mankind in spite of their wrongdoing.) He is full of forgiveness, pardoning and covering the mistakes of people, in spite of their wrongdoing and the errors committed night and day. Allah next reminds that His punishment is severe, so that fear and hope are both addressed and mentioned. Allah said in other Ayat,

فَإِن كَذَّبُوكَ فَقُل رَّبُّكُمْ ذُو رَحْمَةٍ وَسِعَةٍ وَلاَ يُرَدُّ بَأْسُهُ عَنِ الْقَوْمِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ

(If they belie you, say: "Your Lord is the Owner of vast mercy, and never will His wrath be turned back from the people who are criminals.")6:147

إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَسَرِيعُ الْعِقَابِ وَإِنَّهُ لَغَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ

(Verily, your Lord is quick in retribution and certainly He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.)7:167, and,

نَبِّىءْ عِبَادِى أَنِّى أَنَا الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ - وَأَنَّ عَذَابِى هُوَ ٱلْعَذَابُ ٱلْأَلِيمُ

(Declare unto My servants that truly I am the Oft-Forgiving, the Most Merciful. And that My torment is indeed the most painful torment.)15:49-50 There are many other Ayat that mention both fear and hope.

وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوْلا أُنزِلَ عَلَيْهِ آيَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّهِ إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مُنذِرٌ وَلِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هَادٍ

Всевышний поведал о невежестве неверующих, которые отвергли Божьего посланника, да благословит его Аллах и приветствует, и предпочли приобщать к Нему сотоварищей. Их увещевали, однако они не извлекли пользы из этих увещеваний. Им доказали истинность пророческих учений, однако они отказались покориться ей. Более того, они громко провозгласили свое неверие и стали оправдывать его терпеливым отношением единственного и Всемогущего Аллаха по отношению к ним. Они решили, что если Аллах не спешит наказать их за грехи, то они исповедуют истину, и осмелились потребовать от Божьего посланника, да благословит его Аллах и приветствует, ускорить наказание. Они сказали: «О Аллах! Если это является истиной от Тебя, то обрушь на нас камни с неба или же подвергни нас мучительным страданиям» (8:32). А ведь Аллах покарал многие народы, которые жили до них. Почему они не перестали тешиться собственным невежеством и не задумались над их судьбой? Воистину, Аллах прощает Своих рабов и продолжает одарять их благами и щедротами, несмотря на то, что они продолжают приобщать к Нему сотоварищей и отвечать Ему непослушанием. Они ослушаются Аллаха, а Он продолжает призывать их к своим дверям. Они совершают преступления, а Он не лишает их Своего сострадания. Если они покаются, то Он непременно возлюбит их, потому что Ему угодны кающиеся и очищающиеся. Если же они откажутся принести покаяние, то Он подвергнет их испытаниям, дабы очистить их от пороков и недостатков. Всевышний повелел: «Скажи Моим рабам, которые излишествовали во вред самим себе: “Не отчаивайтесь в милости Аллаха. Воистину, Аллах прощает грехи полностью, ибо Он - Прощающий, Милосердный”» (39:53). Но если человек упрямо продолжает совершать грехи и категорически отказывается покаяться, попросить прощения и обратиться за помощью к Могущественному и Всепрощающему Господу, то ему следует остерегаться наказания, которого будут удостоены только злостные преступники. Воистину, это наказание сурово и мучительно.

يَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَنَةِ وَقَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِمُ الْمَثُلَاتُ ۗ وَإِنَّ رَ‌بَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَ‌ةٍ لِّلنَّاسِ عَلَىٰ ظُلْمِهِمْ ۖ وَإِنَّ رَ‌بَّكَ لَشَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ

'And they ask for evil to come sooner than good (by saying: If you are a prophet, let us have your promised punishment now - which shows that they take the coming of the Divine punishment as something very far-removed or virtually impossible) al-though punishments have really come to pass against people earlier to them, (which have been witnessed by others.)

Now, if the punishment is to come to them, why should it be taken as something far out, or impossible? Here, the word: الْمَثُلَاتُ (al-mathulat) is the plural form of مَثُلَۃ (mathula) and it means a punishment which puts a person in disgrace before everyone and proves to be a lesson for all others.

After that it was said that there is no doubt that your Lord is, de-spite the sinning and disobeying of people, the Lord of forgiveness and mercy as well. And for people who do not take advantage of this forgiveness and mercy and elect to stick to their disobedience and contumacy, then, for them He is 'severe in punishing' as well. Therefore, they should not misunderstand the attributes of Allah's forgiveness and mercy and reach the conclusion that punishment simply cannot come to them.

3. The third doubt of the disbelievers was: As for the miracles of the Holy Prophet ', they had seen many of them. But, why would he not show the specific miracles demanded by them? This has been answered in the third verse (7) by saying: وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُ‌وا لَوْلَا أُنزِلَ عَلَيْهِ آيَةٌ مِّن رَّ‌بِّهِ ۗ إِنَّمَا أَنتَ مُنذِرٌ‌ ۖ وَلِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هَادٍ

Other English translations

Tafsīr · classical commentary

The Disbelievers ask for the Punishment to be delivered now!