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Meccan · Surah 40 of 114

Ghafir 40:36

The Forgiver · ayah 36 of 85

وَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ يَٰهَٰمَٰنُ ٱبْنِ لِى صَرْحًۭا لَّعَلِّىٓ أَبْلُغُ ٱلْأَسْبَٰبَ

Waqala firAAawnu ya hamanuibni lee sarhan laAAallee ablughu al-asbab

"And Pharaoh said, "O Hāmān, construct for me a tower that I might reach the ways -"

Saheeh International translation

Recitation by Mishary Alafasy
Free, no login. Tap play.

Other English translations

Abdel Haleem (Oxford)+

"Pharaoh said, ‘Haman, build me a tall tower so that I may reach the ropes that lead"

Pickthall (classic)+

"And Pharaoh said: O Haman! Build for me a tower that haply I may reach the roads,"

Yusuf Ali (classic)+

"Pharaoh said: "O Haman! Build me a lofty palace, that I may attain the ways and means-"

Tafsīr · classical commentary

Ibn Kathir

Abridged English, public domain

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How Fir`awn mocked the Lord of Musa

Allah tells us of the arrogant and hostile defiance of Fir`awn and his rejection of Musa, when he commanded his minister Haman to build him a tower, i.e., a tall, high, strong fortress. He built it of bricks made from baked clay, as Allah says:

فَأَوْقِدْ لِى يَهَـمَـنُ عَلَى الطِّينِ فَاجْعَل لِّى صَرْحاً

(So kindle for me (a fire), O Haman, to bake (bricks out of) clay, and set up for me a lofty tower) (28:38).

لَّعَـلِّى أَبْلُغُ الاٌّسْبَـبَأَسْبَـبَ السَّمَـوَتِ

(that I may arrive at the ways -- the ways of the heavens,) Sa`id bin Jubayr and Abu Salih said, "The gates of the heavens." Or it was said, the ways of the heavens.

فَأَطَّلِعَ إِلَى إِلَـهِ مُوسَى وَإِنِّى لاّظُنُّهُ كَـذِباً

(and I may look upon the God of Musa, but verily, I think him to be a liar.) Because of his disbelief and defiance, he did not believe that Allah had sent Musa to him. Allah says:

وَكَـذَلِكَ زُيِّنَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ سُوءُ عَمَلِهِ وَصُدَّ عَنِ السَّبِيلِ

(Thus it was made fair seeming, in Fir`awn's eyes, the evil of his deeds, and he was hindered from the path;) means, this act of his building the tower, by means of which he wanted to deceive his people and make them think that he could prove that Musa was lying. Allah says:

وَمَا كَـيْدُ فِرْعَوْنَ إِلاَّ فِى تَبَابٍ

(and the plot of Fir`awn led to nothing but loss and destruction.) Ibn `Abbas and Mujahid said, "Meaning nothing but ruin."

Tafsir Saʿdi

English translation, public domain

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Аллах поведал о других качествах тех, кто нарушает дозволенное и сомневается, и возвестил о том, что они спорят о Его знамениях, не имея ниспосланного Им довода. Эти знамения не оставляют сомнения в том, что является ложью, а что - истиной. Они настолько ясны и убедительно, что подобны солнцу на ясном небосводе, но, несмотря на это, нечестивцы продолжают оспаривать их и пытаются затмить их свет собственной ложью. При этом они не приводят никаких доказательств своей правоты, а лишь разглагольствуют о бессмысленных вещах. Эти качества присущи абсолютно всем, кто оспаривает знамения Всевышнего Аллаха. Истину невозможно опровергнуть, потому что нет таких доказательств, которые могли бы противостоять ей. Ни убедительные логические доводы, ни священные тексты никогда не противоречат ниспосланной Аллахом истине. А слова и поступки неверующих, которые пытаются оболгать своего Господа, а также сами неверующие весьма ненавистны Аллаху и уверовавшим. Враги Аллаха отвергают истину, веруют в ложь и даже приписывают эту ложь Всевышнему Господу. Конечно же, эти качества не могут быть угодны ни Аллаху, ни правоверным, любовь и ненависть которых подчинены воле Всемогущего Господа. Правоверные являются избранными и лучшими из рабов Аллаха, и их ненависть свидетельствует о тяжести грехов тех, кого они ненавидят. Именно за такие грехи Аллах наложил печать на сердце Фараона и его приспешников. Таким же образом Аллах поступает с каждым, кто надменно отвергает истину, пренебрежительно относится к Божьим творениям и попирает права людей из-за своей несправедливого и враждебного отношения к ним.
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Maʿārif al-Qur'ān

Mufti Shafi Usmani, English

+

The word: صرح (sarh) in verse 36: وَقَالَ فِرْ‌عَوْنُ يَا هَامَانُ ابْنِ لِي صَرْ‌حًا (And the Pharaoh said, "0 Haman, make a tower for me,) means a structure that rises high. An outward look at this statement suggests that the Pharaoh ordered his minister, Haman to build a structure that rises high into the sky close enough for him to go up, peek in and have a glimpse of God. If this wild thought, not imaginable even in the case of a man of very ordinary commonsense, really comes from Pharaoh, the sole master of the kingdom of Egypt, then, it is an evidence of his unbelievable folly - and if the minister carried out his orders, then, the apple did not fall far from the tree, as the king, so the courtier! Since no one expects any head of the state to go that wild in his imagination, therefore, some commentators have said that this much he too knew that, no matter how high a structure is made for him, he still cannot reach the skies (by that mode of ascent). But, he did that only to impress or confuse his people. Then, we have no sound and strong report to prove whether or not such a palatial high structure was ever raised. However, al-Qurtubi reports that this building was constructed, but once it reached its higher levels, it collapsed.

My respected father, Maulana Muhammad Yasin, a dear disciple of Maulana Muhammad Ya` qub, the first principal of the famous Darul-` Uloom of Deoband in India has reported his learned teacher saying, 'For this lofty palace to collapse, it is not necessary that it be hit by some Divine punishment. The fact is that the height of every building depends on the capability of its foundation to bear weight. No matter how deep the foundation is laid, it cannot go deeper than a certain limit. Now, when levels after levels were added to this building, it was inevitable that, once it exceeded the capability of its foundation to bear additional weight, it must collapse.' This provides another proof of the folly of Pharaoh and Haman. Allah knows best.

Tafsīr sourced from quran.com's open API. These are classical commentaries; for personal rulings consult a qualified scholar.

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