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Meccan · Surah 34 of 114

Saba 34:23

Sheba · ayah 23 of 54

وَلَا تَنفَعُ ٱلشَّفَٰعَةُ عِندَهُۥٓ إِلَّا لِمَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُۥ ۚ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُوا۟ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ ۖ قَالُوا۟ ٱلْحَقَّ ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَلِىُّ ٱلْكَبِيرُ

Wala tanfaAAu ashshafaAAatuAAindahu illa liman athina lahu hattaitha fuzziAAa AAan quloobihim qaloo matha qalarabbukum qaloo alhaqqa wahuwa alAAaliyyu alkabeer

"And intercession does not benefit with Him except for one whom He permits. [And those wait] until, when terror is removed from their hearts, they will say [to one another], "What has your Lord said?" They will say, "The truth." And He is the Most High, the Grand."

Saheeh International translation

Recitation by Mishary Alafasy
Free, no login. Tap play.

Other English translations

Abdel Haleem (Oxford)+

"Intercession will not work with Him, except by those to whom He gives permission.’ They will be asked, after the terror is lifted from their hearts [on the Day of Judgement], ‘What did your Lord speak?’ and they will answer, ‘The Truth. He is the Most High, the Most Great.’"

Pickthall (classic)+

"No intercession availeth with Him save for him whom He permitteth. Yet, when fear is banished from their hearts, they say: What was it that your Lord said? They say: The Truth. And He is the Sublime, the Great."

Yusuf Ali (classic)+

""No intercession can avail in His Presence, except for those for whom He has granted permission. So far (is this the case) that, when terror is removed from their hearts (at the Day of Judgment, then) will they say, 'what is it that your Lord commanded?' they will say, 'That which is true and just; and He is the Most High Most Great'.""

Tafsīr · classical commentary

Ibn Kathir

Abridged English, public domain

+

The Helplessness of the gods of the Idolators Here

Allah states clearly that He is the One and Only God, the Self-Sufficient Master, Who has no peer or partner; He is independent in His command and there is no one who can share or dispute with Him in that, or overturn His command. So, He says:

قُلِ ادْعُواْ الَّذِينَ زَعَمْتُمْ مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ

(Say: "Call upon those whom you assert besides Allah...") meaning, the gods who are worshipped besides Allah.

لاَ يَمْلِكُونَ مِثُقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ فِى السَّمَـوَتِ وَلاَ فِى الاٌّرْضِ

(they possess not even the weight of a speck of dust, either in the heavens or on the earth,) This is like the Ayah:

وَالَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ مَا يَمْلِكُونَ مِن قِطْمِيرٍ

(And those, whom you invoke or call upon instead of Him, own not even a Qitmir) (35:13).

وَمَا لَهُمْ فِيهِمَا مِن شِرْكٍ

nor have they any share in either, means, they do not possess anything, either independently or as partners.

وَمَا لَهُ مِنْهُمْ مِّن ظَهِيرٍ

(nor there is for Him any supporter from among them. ) means, nor does Allah have among these rivals any whose support He seeks in any matter; on the contrary, all of creation is in need of Him and is enslaved by Him. Then Allah says:

وَلاَ تَنفَعُ الشَّفَـعَةُ عِندَهُ إِلاَّ لِمَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ

(Intercession with Him profits not except for him whom He permits.) meaning, because of His might, majesty and pride, no one would dare to intercede with Him in any matter, except after being granted His permission to intercede. As Allah says:

مَن ذَا الَّذِى يَشْفَعُ عِندَهُ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ

(Who is he that can intercede with Him except with His permission) (2:255),

وَكَمْ مِّن مَّلَكٍ فِى السَّمَـوَتِ لاَ تُغْنِى شَفَـعَتُهُمْ شَيْئاً إِلاَّ مِن بَعْدِ أَن يَأْذَنَ اللَّهُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَرْضَى

(And there are many angels in the heavens, whose intercession will avail nothing except after Allah has given leave for whom He wills and is pleased with.) (53:26)

وَلاَ يَشْفَعُونَ إِلاَّ لِمَنِ ارْتَضَى وَهُمْ مِّنْ خَشْيَتِهِ مُشْفِقُونَ

(and they cannot intercede except for him with whom He is pleased. And they stand in awe for fear of Him) (21:28). It was reported in the Two Sahihs through more than one chain of narration that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , who is the leader of the sons of Adam and the greatest intercessor before Allah, will go to stand in Al-Maqam Al-Mahmud (the praised position) to intercede for all of mankind when their Lord comes to pass judgement upon them. He said:

«فَأَسْجُدُ للهِ تَعَالَى فَيَدَعُنِي مَااَشاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يَدَعَنِي، وَيَفْتَحُ عَلَيَّ بِمَحَامِدَ لَا أُحْصِيهَا الْانَ، ثُمَّ يُقَالُ: يَامُحَمَّدُ ارْفَعْ رَأْسَكَ وَقُلْ تُسْمَعْ، وَسَلْ تُعْطَهُ، وَاشْفَعْ تُشَفَّع»

(Then I will prostrate to Allah, may He be exalted, and He will leave me (in that position), as long as Allah wills, and He will inspire me to speak words of praise which I cannot mention now. Then it will be said, "O Muhammad, raise your head. Speak, you will be heard; ask, you will be given; intercede, your intercession will be accepted...")

حَتَّى إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُواْ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ قَالُواْ الْحَقَّ

(So much so that when fear is banished from their hearts, they say: "What is it that your Lord has said" They say the truth.) This also refers to the great degree of His might and power. When He speaks words of revelation, the inhabitants of the heavens hear what He says, and they tremble with fear (of Allah) so much that they swoon. This was the view of Ibn Mas`ud, may Allah be pleased with him, Masruq and others.

حَتَّى إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمْ

(So much so that when fear is banished from their hearts,) means, when the fear leaves their hearts. Ibn `Abbas, Ibn `Umar, Abu `Abdur-Rahman As-Sulami, Ash-Sha`bi, Ibrahim An-Nakha`i, Ad-Dhahhak, Al-Hasan and Qatadah said concerning the Ayah,

حَتَّى إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُواْ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ قَالُواْ الْحَقَّ

(So much so that when fear is banished from their hearts, they say: "What is it that your Lord has said" They say the truth.) "When the fear is lifted from their hearts." When this happens, some of them say to others, "What did your Lord say" Those (angels) who are carrying the Throne tell those who are next to them, then they in turn pass it on to those who are next to them, and so on, until the news reaches the inhabitants of the lowest heaven. Allah says,

قَالُواْ الْحَقَّ

They say the truth. meaning, they report what He said, without adding or taking away anything.

وَهُوَ الْعَلِىُّ الْكَبِيرُ

(And He is the Most High, the Most Great.) In his Tafsir of this Ayah in his Sahih, Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him said, "The Prophet of Allah said:

«إِذَا قَضَى اللهُ تَعَالَى الْأَمْرَ فِي السَّمَاءِ ضَرَبَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ بِأَجْنِحَتِهَا خُضْعَانًا لِقَوْلِهِ،كَأَنَّهُ سِلْسِلَةٌ عَلَى صَفْوَانٍ، فَإِذَا فُزِّعَ عَنْ قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالُوا: مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ؟ قَالُوا لِلَّذِي قَالَ: الْحَقَّ، وَهُوَ الْعَلِيُّ الْكَبِيرُ، فَيَسْمَعُهَا مُسْتَرِقُ السَّمْعِ، وَمُسْتَرِقُ السَّمْعِ هَكَذَا بَعْضُهُ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ وَوَصَفَ سُفْيَانُ بِيَدِهِ فَحَرَّفَهَا، وَنَشَرَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ فَيَسْمَعُ الْكَلِمَةَ فَيُلْقِيهَا إِلَى مَنْ تَحْتَهُ، ثُمَّ يُلْقِيهَا الْاخَرُ إِلَى مَنْ تَحْتَهُ، حَتْى يُلْقِيَهَا عَلَى لِسَانِ السَّاحِرِ أَوِ الْكَاهِنِ، فَرُبَّمَا أَدْرَكَهُ الشِّهَابُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُلْقِيَهَا، وَرُبَّمَا أَلْقَاهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْرِكَهُ، فَيَكْذِبُ مَعَهَا مِائَةَ كَذْبَةٍ فَيُقَالُ: أَلَيْسَ قَدْ قَالَ لَنَا يَوْمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ فَيُصَدَّقُ بِتِلْكَ الْكَلِمَةِ الَّتِي سُمِعَتْ مِنَ السَّمَاء»

(When Allah decrees a matter in heaven, the angels beat their wings in submission to His Words, making a sound like a chain striking a smooth rock. When the fear is banished from their hearts, they say, "What is it that your Lord has said" They say the truth, and He is the Most High, the Most Great. Then the one who is listening out hears that, and those who are listening out are standing one above the other) -- Sufyan one of the narrators demonstrated with his hand, holding it vertically with the fingers outspread. (So he hears what is said and passes it on to the one below him, and that one passes it to the one who is below him, and so on until it reaches the lips of the soothsayer or fortune-teller. Maybe a meteor will hit him before he can pass anything on, or maybe he will pass it on before he is hit. He tells a hundred lies alongside it, but it will be said, "Did he not tell us that on such and such a day, such and such would happen" So they believe him because of the one thing which was heard from heaven.)" This was recorded by Al-Bukhari, not by Muslim. Abu Dawud, At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah also recorded it. And Allah knows best.

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Tafsir Saʿdi

English translation, public domain

+
В этих аятах Всевышний отверг все, на что могут рассчитывать многобожники, которые поклоняются идолам, праведникам, деревьям и прочим ложным божествам. Аллах изобличил порочность их суждений и разрушил основание многобожия. Любой язычник молится и поклоняется своему божеству в надежде на его помощь. Именно эта надежда подталкивает его на поклонение ложным богам. А поскольку никто, кроме Аллаха, не обладает властью на небесах и на земле, не способен самостоятельно принести людям добро или причинить им зло, не разделяет власть вместе с Аллахом, не является Его помощником и не имеет права даже ходатайствовать перед Ним без Его разрешения, то поклонение кому-либо, кроме Аллаха, противоречит здравому смыслу и религии. В результате многобожник не только не добивается своей цели, но и отдаляет себя от нее. Всевышний сообщил, что поклонение идолам не принесет язычникам никакой пользы, а лишь обречет их на страдания. В День воскресения идолы и идолопоклонники будут отрекаться друг от друга и осыпать друг друга проклятиями. Всевышний сказал: «А когда люди будут собраны, они станут их врагами и будут отвергать их поклонение» (46:6). Удивительно, что многобожники отказывались повиноваться Божьим посланникам, потому что те были людьми, но соглашались поклоняться и молиться камням и деревьям. Они отвергали искреннее служение Милостивому Правителю и Справедливому Судии и довольствовались поклонением тварям, которые приносят им больше вреда, чем пользы, и повиновением своему злейшему врагу - сатане. Что касается второй части обсуждаемого нами откровения, то существует мнение, что речь в нем, как и в предыдущих аятах, идет о многобожниках. По правилам арабской грамматики, местоимения всегда относятся к ближайшему ранее упомянутому существительному. В Судный день сердцами многобожников овладеет безумный страх, а когда страх покинет сердца этих грешников и к ним вернется сознание, ангелы спросят их, зачем они отрицали истину, с которой к ним приходили посланники. Многобожники сознаются в том, что неверие и многобожие были лживы и бесполезны, а откровения Господа и проповеди посланников - правдивы и истинны. Всевышний сказал: «Если бы ты только увидел их, когда их остановят перед Огнем. Они скажут: “О, если бы нас вернули обратно! Мы не считали бы ложью знамения нашего Господа и стали бы верующими!” О нет! Им открылось то, что они скрывали прежде. Если бы их вернули обратно, то они непременно вернулись бы к тому, что им было запрещено. Воистину, они - лжецы» (6:27–28). Многобожники убедятся в том, что обещанное Аллахом было истиной, и раскаются в своих прегрешениях. Да и как может быть иначе, если среди прекрасных имен Аллаха - Возвышенный, Большой. Он превосходит Свои творения положением, могуществом и славными качествами. Свидетельством величия Аллаха является Его неограниченная власть, перед которой смиряются все творения, даже самые заносчивые и неверующие. Это толкование наиболее очевидно и совпадает с контекстом данного отрывка. Однако существует и другое мнение, согласно которому речь в этом аяте идет об ангелах. Когда Всевышний Аллах обращается к обитателям небес, благородные ангелы лишаются чувств и тотчас падают ниц. Первым поднимает голову ангел Джибрил, и Аллах ниспосылает ему свое откровение. Когда же ангелы приходят в себя и страх покидает их сердца, они спрашивают друг друга о том, что же сказал Господь. Тогда одни из них отвечают другим, что Аллах сказал истину. Это - общий ответ, из которого становится ясно, что ангелы убеждены в том, что все слова Господа являются непреложной истиной. А может быть, они сообщают друг другу о том, что именно повелел или изрек Господь. До чего же извращены многобожники, которые поклоняются беспомощным, несовершенным и бесполезным божествам и отказываются от поклонения высочайшему и великому Господу, пред которым смиряются и унижаются даже благородные ангелы, которые приближены к своему Господу, слышат Его речь и свидетельствуют о том, что Он не говорит ничего, кроме истины? Что же ожидает этих многобожников, которые проявляют высокомерие перед могучим Владыкой и Правителем? Воистину, высочайший и Великий Аллах превыше всякого многобожия и далек от всего, что измышляют о Нем лживые язычники! Затем Аллах повелел Пророку Мухаммаду, да благословит его Аллах и приветствует, спросить многобожников о правомерности совершаемого ими многобожия. Всевышний сказал:

Maʿārif al-Qur'ān

Mufti Shafi Usmani, English

+

Commentary

These verses are meant to prove the falsity of three different types of idol-worshippers. The first group among them, and the most absurd of all, was of the people who believed that these idols, made of stones are the partners of Allah and His associates in all His powers. The beginning part of the verse 22 refutes their presumption by saying, "They do not possess (anything) even to the measure of a particle...". The second group of them used to believe that these idols are the helpers of Allah in managing affairs of the universe. The last part of Verse 22 deals with this group by saying, "And He (Allah) has no helper from among them." There was a third group of people who did not hold the idols as gods or helpers of god, but they maintained that these idols are so close to Allah that their intercession is always approved by Him, and whoever has the advantage of their intercession, his desires may well be fulfilled. Verse 23 has refuted this belief by saying, "And intercession before Him is of no benefit, but for the one whom He has permitted." The sense is that their assumption that idols are close to Allah is not correct. They are neither close to Allah, nor do they have any power of intercession before Him. Then the text clarifies that even angels who are close to Allah cannot intercede for anyone without Allah's permission, and even if they are allowed to intercede, it is not easy for them to do that, because of Allah's awe they' have in their hearts. The usual way in which they receive a command from Allah is that they become nervous, due to Allah's awe, when they receive it. Then once they return to their normal condition, they ask each other about the command to ensure its correct nature. This is the sense of the later part of Verse 23 where it is said, "Until when fear is removed from their hearts, they will say (to each other), "What did your Lord say?" They say, "the Truth".] l ]

[ 1] This part is abridged from Khulasa-e-tafsir.(` Uthmani)

As for angels becoming nervous out of awe referred to in verse 22, its full description is given in a report from Sayyidna Abu Hurairah ؓ appearing in the Sahih of al-Bukhari. Says the relevant part of the long Hadith report: When a command from Allah Ta’ ala issues forth through the heavens, all angels start flapping their wings in humility and emotional readiness to obey (as if dazed or benumbed of consciousness). When that effect of nervousness, awe and majesty recedes from their hearts, they say: 'What did your Lord say?' Others tell them that He has spoken the truth and that such and such command has come from Him.

And it appears in the Sahih of Muslim that Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ reports from some Sahabi that the Holy Prophet ﷺ said, 'When our Rabb, may His name be exalted, gives a command, the angels hold in the Divine Throne start reciting tasbih (saying glory) for Him. Hearing the tasbih done by them, angels of the next lower level of the heavens follow suit until this chain of glorification reaches the lowest level that is the firmament of the world (making it a simultaneously recited tasbih by angels from all heavens). Then, they ask the angels who are close to the Throne, 'What did your Lord say?' This they tell them. Then, in the same manner, those of the lower heavens ask those of the upper the same question until this chain of question and answer extends up to the firmament of the world' - excerpt from a long Hadith. (Mazhari)

Tafsīr sourced from quran.com's open API. These are classical commentaries; for personal rulings consult a qualified scholar.

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